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Cherry rootstocks
GiSelA(S) - Dwarfing Rootstocks for
Sweet Cherries
For intensive sweet cherry growing in temperate conditions, the
GiSelA clones are the first successful and economically important
dwarfing rootstocks.
Production, marketing and rights for these rootstocks, which
originate from a breeding program at the university of Giessen
(Germany), are assigned to CDB (Consortium Deutscher Baumschulen),
an association of German nurseries.
The three most important clones GiSelA 3(S), GiSela 5(S)
and GiSelA 6(S) are siblings and hybrids from the
crossing Prunus cerasus "Schattenmorelle" with the species Prunus
canescens.
GiSela 3(S), 5(S) and 6(S) show a
different level of size-reduction compared to Prunus avium (mazzard,
F12/1).
According to
soil, cultivar and cultivation intensity, the best adapted clone can be
selected.
In-vitro propagation produces
homogenous plant material of high quality. After initial stronger
growth, tree vigor is reduced to the clone-specific level with the
beginning of cropping.
A definite advantage of the
GiSelAs is the early beginning of cropping. First yields from the
second leaf and full crop from the 4th year on guarantee a quick return
of the invested capital. The high productivity is maintained over many
years. With adapted cultural management methods, fruit size is not
negatively influenced.
Especially positive is the
high adaptability of the GiSelAs. In comprehensive trials and
commercial orchards with various environmental conditions, no or only
few tree losses occurred with GiSelA 5(S) and GiSelA 6(S).
Other beneficial traits of
all 3 clones are flat branching and broad growth habit, no suckering
tendency, excellent winter hardiness, tolerance to pollen born viruses,
and very good compatibility (healthy budwood provided). According to
preliminary experiences, replanting after P. avium does not cause
severe detrimental effects.
As the rootstocks induce a high yielding potential in
the cultivar, early starting, regular pruning has to
assure, that each year sufficient shoot growth and leaf
area are built up for fruit nutrition.
PIKU-Rootstocks
for Sweet Cherries
The PIKU rootstocks for sweet cherries originate from a breeding program
at Dresden-Pillnitz (Germany). The 3 protected clones PIKU 1(S),
3(S) and 4(S)
are hybrids between different Prunus species.
Rights for production and marketing of the PIKUs are assigned to the CDB
(Consortium Deutscher Baumschulen).
The PIKU clones are characterised by a different level of size-control,
from
nearly as vigorous as P. avium to a reduction of about 50%.
Graduated reduction in
vigour of clones PIKU 1, 3, and 4 in comparison to P. avium
(PIKU 4 = 60-65 %, PIKU 1 = 65-70 %, PIKU 3 = 90 %, avium = 100 %)
The PIKU clones induce earlier yields than P. avium
rootstocks. Precocity
is stable, but not as pronounced as with the GiSelA clones.
Good compatibility with sweet cherry cultivars, smooth grafting unions
and no suckering tendency are further advantages of all 3 PIKU clones.
The PIKU rootstocks perform especially well on dry and
sandy sites with
respect to yield and fruit size. Pruning, fertilisation, and irrigation
should
be performed dependent on site conditions and grafted cultivar.
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